Active ageing: towards an integrated model of physical activity among older adults

Abstract

Background: Physical activity can significantly buffer against age-related illness and disease. Despite existing initiatives to promote active ageing, many older adults remain insufficiently active. Drawing on sound behavioural theory, the aim of the current study is to develop an integrated behavioural decision-making model to understand better older adults’ physical activity. Methods: The model is informed by a prior qualitative study (Study 1) and the extant literature. Study 1 interviewed community-dwelling older adults (N=20, age range 67-87) to explore their meanings and perceptions toward physical activity engagement, and how these were conceptualised within the process of ageing. The findings informed Study 2 (N=212), a longitudinal assessment to determine the predictors of older adults’ physical activity decision-making. Findings: Study 1 revealed that older adults hold some unique perceptions related to individual, social-cognitive, and physical environmental types of influences of their physical activity engagement. Study 2 determined the mechanisms by which these processes operate. Discussion: Understanding the influences of and mechanisms guiding older adults’ physical activity is integral in supporting active and healthy ageing of older adults.