Psychological predictors of doping susceptibility in junior athletes

Abstract

Doping represents a relevant problem even in young athletes, but empirical knowledge of psychological factors that influence this behavior remains sparse. The present study investigated the predictive potential of different psychological factors, namely well-being, confidence and fear of success, goal orientation, performance motivation and locus of control, on doping susceptibility in junior athletes. As part of this cross-sectional study, 1,265 Austrian athletes (age: 14-19) completed psychometric scales (i.e. Berne Questionnaire of Well-Being in Adolescents; Questionnaire for Evaluating Mental Competencies and Attitudes in Sport) measuring these constructs. According to multiple regression analysis, positive attitude towards life and performance motivation were negative, while depressive mood, self-esteem, fear of failure and self-oriented goal orientation were positive, predictors of doping susceptibility, explaining 21.7% of the variance in doping susceptibility. The study corroborates the utility of classical constructs from health psychology in doping research. Educating athletes has already proven useful, but creating an environment that fosters self-efficacy and well-being, and reduces fear of failure, may represent the most-beneficial additional approach for future prevention.